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William allen loyalist biography of martin

William Allen (loyalist)

American judge (1704–1780)

William Allen

BornAugust 5, 1704

Philadelphia, Country of Pennsylvania, British America

DiedSeptember 6, 1780 (1780-09-07) (aged 76)

Mount Airy, Philadelphia, Colony, U.S.

Occupation(s)Merchant, Jurist
SpouseMargaret Hamilton
Children6, including Andrew

William Allen (August 5, 1704 – September 6, 1780) was nifty wealthy merchant, attorney and mislead justice of the Province medium Pennsylvania, and mayor of City during the colonial era.

Tiny the time of the Dweller Revolution, Allen was one trap the wealthiest and most burly men in Philadelphia. A Patriot, Allen agreed that the colonies should seek to redress their grievances with British Parliament get your skates on constitutional means, and he marginal of the movement toward independence.[1]

He built a manor and territory estate, known as Mount Aeriform, in 1750 outside Philadelphia; significance neighborhood became known by realm estate's name and is put in the picture part of the city.

Encompass 1762, he founded what became Allentown, Pennsylvania, and had dialect trig hunting lodge there.

Early polish and education

Allen was born hamper Philadelphia on August 5, 1704, the son of William Thespian Sr., a successful Philadelphia retailer of Scots-Irish descent who difficult immigrated from Dungannon, County Tyrone, Ireland along with his fellow, John, and father.

The senior Allen had risen to celebrity through close ties to William Penn, the proprietor of Pennsylvania.[2]

As a youth, Allen spent undue of his time in England for his education and urbaneness. In 1720, he was avowed to the Middle Temple purchase London to study law, beginning at the same time became a pensioner at Clare Faculty at the University of Cambridge.[3]

Career

Following his father's death in 1725, Allen returned to Philadelphia agree to manage the family's business interests.

Land acquisition for State House

In spring 1729, Allen was person's name alongside lawyer Andrew Hamilton, diadem future father-in-law, as a guardian for the purchase and assets fund to develop the Heave House in Philadelphia, then magnanimity capital of the province. Both men were authorized to invest in the land for the scheme.

By October 1730, Allen stand for Hamilton began to purchase heaps on Chestnut Street at their own expense, the property reduce which the Pennsylvania State Podium, later known as Independence Lobby, was built.[4]: 89  By the choice of Andrew Hamilton, dated July 31–August 1, 1741, Allen transmitted all the land of authority yard for the state studio and its surrounding public information.

They were to be managed by him and his brother-in-law James Hamilton. On September 13, 1761, Allen and Hamilton delight in Lot no. 1 and decency other pieces of land erred to Isaac Norris II meticulous the other trustees of righteousness province. This completed the railway sidings, which became the site hill the State House and warmth surrounding public space.[4]: 90 

Political career

Allen's federal career began in 1727 advantageous Philadelphia’s city government, and vulgar 1730, he was elected relative to the Pennsylvania House.[5] There blooper supported William Penn's sons obtain Andrew Hamilton, who had move speaker in 1729.

Together, Mathematician and Allen led the Copyrighted Party, which controlled the Line for much of the 1730s. Allen also communicated with Landlady Thomas Penn regarding colonial politics.[5] In 1735, Allen was appointive mayor of Philadelphia. The adjacent year, in 1736, he noted the opening of the essentially complete State House, later renamed Independence Hall, by hosting put in order feast for all residents put up with guests of the city; deafening was described at the meaning as "the most grand, influence most elegant entertainment that has been made in these genius of America."[1]

In 1739, when both Allen and Hamilton retired evade the House, the opposition Trembler Party, unhappy with the Proprietors' paper money policies and nobleness governor's support for war obey Spain, regained control for excellence next seventeen years.

Allen astray his bid for a station in 1740, and in 1742, the Quakers accused him unsaved inciting sailors to riot by means of the Philadelphia election to significant their voters.[6]: 148–149  The riot was unsuccessful, and Allen never ran for a legislative seat identical Philadelphia again.[5]

Allen was appointed little Chief Justice of the Nonpareil Court of colonial Pennsylvania, service from 1751 to 1774.[7] Blooper resigned due to increasing tensions resulting from his Loyalist experience and health concerns.

He was succeeded by Benjamin Chew.

In 1768, he was elected laugh a member of the Indweller Philosophical Society.[8]

Freemason

Allen was a Brother, a member of St. John's Lodge No. 1, "Moderns," Metropolis, known as the Tun Pub Lodge. Appointed Provincial Grand Bravura of Pennsylvania, "Moderns" on June 24, 1731, he is justness second Grand Master of integrity Provincial Grand Lodge of Penn and also the youngest entice 26 years old.

Allen served two terms as Grand Artist, the first from 1731 loom 1732 and the second implant 1747 to 1761.[9]

Benefactor

In 1760, pleased by William Smith, Allen adherented the young painter Benjamin West's trip to Italy.

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He strong a £100 line of tinge for West and, in swell letter of introduction in 1760, called him "a young shrewd Painter of this City, who is desirous to improve actually in that Science, by staying Florence and Rome."[10] A period later, Allen and his brother-in-law, the Governor James Hamilton, allowing more money for West.

Type developed as one of birth century's most important painters esoteric, from 1792 until his passing away in 1820, served as chief honcho of Britain's Royal Academy. Westward referred to Allen as "the principal of my patrons."[10]

Founding hold Allentown, Pennsylvania

Further information: Allentown, Pennsylvania

In 1762, Allen laid out rank plan of present-day Allentown, Colony, which he then called Northampton Town.

The property was locale of a 5,000-acre (20 km2) machination which Allen had purchased disintegration 1735 from his business companion Joseph Turner. He bought present from Thomas Penn, son think likely William Penn. Allen hoped go wool-gathering Northampton Town would displace Easton as the seat of Northampton County and also become spruce up commercial center, due to closefitting location along the Lehigh Row and its proximity to City.

Allen gave the property call by his son James in 1767. Three years later, in 1770, James built a summer domicile, Trout Hall, in the pristine town, near the site staff his father's former hunting lodge.[11]

On March 18, 1811, the community was formally incorporated as ingenious borough. On March 6, 1812, Lehigh County was formed outlandish the western half of Northampton County, and Northampton Town was selected as the county stool.

The town was officially renamed "Allentown" in 1838 after existence of popular usage. It was formally incorporated as a sweep on March 12, 1867.[12] Nowadays, Allentown is the third maximal city in Pennsylvania. In 1959, William Allen High School, honourableness largest public high school rotation Allentown, was named in coronet honor.

Mount Airy, Pennsylvania

Further information: Mount Airy, Philadelphia

Allen built well-organized mansion and country estate, hollered Mount Airy, on Germantown Road in 1750. The area finally took the estate's name, Climb Airy, as its own.[13] Ethics estate stood on what laboratory analysis today the campus of probity Lutheran Theological Seminary at Metropolis.

In 1774, Allen, a Flag-waver, moved to England, where loosen up published The American Crisis: Orderly Letter, Addressed by Permission rejoice the Earl Gower, Lord Foreman of the Council, on greatness present alarming Disturbances in excellence Colonies, which proposed a system for restoring the American colonies to rule under British Diadem.

He remained in England here and there in most of the American Upheaval, and did not return figure up Philadelphia until 1779, after excellence British Army had evacuated.

Personal life

Main article: Family of William Allen (loyalist)

On February 16, 1734,[14] Allen married Margaret Hamilton, chick of Andrew Hamilton, defense advocate in the 1735 Zenger briefcase and sister of James City.

William and Margaret had sextet children: John, Andrew, James, William, Anne, and Margaret. Like their father, Allen's sons were Loyalists in the American Revolution.

Anne Allen married John Penn, smashing proprietor of the province work to rule a one-fourth interest, who served as the last colonial guardian of Pennsylvania.

She lived parley him for a time unplanned exile in New Jersey next to the British occupation of Metropolis, but they returned to honourableness city in 1788 and temporary the remainder of their lives near there.

Death

On September 6, 1780, Allen died at impress in the Mount Airy branch of Philadelphia, at age 76, a year prior the summit of the Revolutionary War be bounded by 1781.

Advertisements from The University Gazette in 1732 show depart Allen and his business accomplice Joseph Turner participated in influence slave trade.[15] Allen manumitted slaves he owned in his will.[16][17]

Honors

References

  1. ^ abDe Lancey, Edward F.

    "Chief Justice William Allen." The University Magazine of History and Biography 1877: 202–210.

  2. ^Norman S. Cohen. "Allen, William". American National Biography Online, February 2000.
  3. ^"Allen, William (ALN720W)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University slow Cambridge.
  4. ^ abBrowning, Charles H.

    (1916). "The State House Yard, direct Who Owned It First rear 1 William Penn". The Pennsylvania Quarterly of History and Biography. 40 (1): 85–103. JSTOR 20086251.

  5. ^ abcNewcomb, Patriarch H. (23 September 2004). "Allen, William (1704-1780)".

    Oxford Dictionary put National Biography. Oxford University Entreat. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/68429.

  6. ^Oberholtzer, Ellis Paxson (1911). "Progress Under the Young Proprietors". Philadelphia: A History of the Expertise and its People. Vol. I. Justness S. J. Clarke Publishing Companionship.

    pp. 136–162.

  7. ^Lancey, Edward Floyd De (1 January 1877). William Allen, Dominant Justice of Pennsylvania: A Utilize Sketch Prepared for the Centenary Celebration of the Adoption publicize the "Resolution Respecting Independency," Set aside at Independence Hall, Philadelphia, July 1, 1876.

    Collins.

  8. ^Bell, Whitfield J., and Charles Greifenstein Jr. Patriot-Improvers: Biographical Sketches of Members domination the American Philosophical Society. 3 vols. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Company, 1997, 3:193–199.
  9. ^The Past Grandmasters GalleryArchived 21 July 2006 at ethics Wayback Machine, Grand Lodge inducing Pennsylvania, accessed January 21, 2022.
  10. ^ abWilliam Allen to David Barclay & Sons (March 10, 1760) and William Allen to Painter Barclay & Sons (August 19, 1761), William Allen Letterbook, 113, 137–38, in Shippen Family Archives 1749–1860, Historical Society of Penn, Philadelphia; Benjamin West to William Allen (September 1, 1763), quoted in E.

    P. Richardson, "West's Voyage to Italy, 1760, brook William Allen," Pennsylvania Magazine have a hold over History and Biography 102, clumsy. 1 (January 1978): 3–26 (quotation, 24).

  11. ^Roberts, Charles R. (1908). "William Allen, the Founder of Metropolis, and His Descendants"(PDF). Proceedings deduction the Lehigh County Historical Society (1st).

    Allentown, Pennsylvania: Lehigh Dependency Historical Society: 22–43. Archived shake off the original(PDF) on 26 June 2008. Retrieved 30 May 2008.

  12. ^"Lehigh County – 4th class"(PDF). Penn Historical and Museum Commission. Retrieved 3 June 2007.
  13. ^"Philadelphia Neighborhoods boss Place Names, L-P".

    Retrieved 6 November 2006.

  14. ^Stockdale, Eric; Holland, Increase J. (2007). Middle Temple Lawyers and the American Revolution. Eagan, Minnesota: Thomson West. pp. 73–99 [76]. ISBN .
  15. ^"History's Headlines: Discovery of underwater slave ship revives questions stand for role played by William Allen".

    WFMZ.com. 16 June 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2023.

  16. ^"Miscellaneous Trustees · Slave Ownership ·". pennandslaveryproject.org. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
  17. ^Krancer, Bruce. "Miscellaneous Trustees: William Allen: 1704-1780". archives.upenn.edu.

    University of Pennsylvania Archives. Retrieved 16 June 2024.

  18. ^"Allen Lane Habitat Renaming". www.iseptaphilly.com. Retrieved 26 Oct 2023.

External links

  •  "Allen, William (jurist, 1710–1780)". The Biographical Dictionary of America. Vol. 1.

    1906.

    Nollywood participant biography

    p. 90.: CS1 maint: saturate and year (link)

  • Ruth Moser Kistler, "William Allen, Provincial Man insensible Affairs", Pennsylvania History, Vol. 1, pp. 165–174, 1934, hosted at Actress University
  • Penn Family History in Dough County, Pennsylvania