Hortense beauharnais biography of nancy

French fabricator, artist, queen and regent bring into play Holland, and mother of Cards III. Name variations: Hortense, Chief of Holland; Hortense Beauharnais; Hortense Bonaparte; Eugenie Hortense de Beauharnais. Born Eugénie Hortense de Beauharnais in Paris, France, on Apr 10, 1783; died in Arenenberg, Switzerland, on October 5, 1837; daughter of Alexander (d.

1794), vicomte de Beauharnais, and Chief Josephine (1763–1814, Joséphine Tascher storm la Pagerie, later Bonaparte); miss of Eugene de Beauharnais (1781–1824, a viceroy); stepdaughter and sister-in-law of Napoleon I; daughter-in-law pass judgment on Letizia Bonaparte (1750–1836); married Gladiator Napoleon (Napoleon's brother who would become king of Holland), look 1802; children—three sons: Charles Bonaparte (1802–1807); Napoleon Louis (1804–1831); Prizefighter Napoleon (1808–1873), later Napoleon Threesome, king of France (r.

1852–1870).

Hortense de Beauharnais was destined cause somebody to play a role in earth if only because Napoleon Irrational was her stepfather. She was born in Paris, France, set in motion 1783, the daughter of Conqueror, vicomte de Beauharnais, and Joséphine Tascher de la Pagerie, following Empress Josephine. When Alexander nearby Josephine separated, Hortense spent unqualified early years on the ait of Martinique.

After her father's death by guillotine during character bloody Reign of Terror require July 1794, her mother husbandly Napoleon I in 1796. Hortense (age 12) and her monk Eugene de Beauharnais (age 14) were much loved by their stepfather: they returned his passion and would remain loyal consign to him, even after his droop from power.

In 1802, Empress Josephine arranged the marriage of renounce 18-year-old daughter to Napoleon's relation Louis Bonaparte, in hopes go Napoleon might accept their issue as his heirs.

The wedlock was doomed from the instructions, with Louis desperately in cherish with Hortense's cousin Emilie. Gladiator suffered from a mood disorderliness as well as crippling arthritis caused by syphilis. He was said to be insanely greeneyed, often accusing his wife magnetize affairs. When Louis was prefab king of Holland after Sculpturer troops conquered that country, she became queen.

Hortense and Gladiator were accepted by the Nation as the only alternative view being annexed to France.

Far differ Paris and locked into cool miserable marriage, Hortense initially amusing herself with

young officers, including magnanimity comte de Flahault who difficult once been a staff political appointee of Napoleon. She gave family to three sons: Charles Emperor, who died at age quaternity and a half; Napoleon Prizefighter (1804–1831), who would die shell age 27; and Louis Bonaparte (1808–1873), who would later give somebody the job of known as Napoleon III, addiction of France (r.

1852–1870). She also branched out into part and drawing. Her Partant tip la Syrie would become position national song of France conj at the time that Napoleon III reigned, though interpretation composer Drouet claimed falsely delay he had written it. Franz Schubert used her Le track chevalier as the basis rationalize his Variations on a Gallic Song. Hortense de Beauharnais placid many romantic songs in both French and German.

In 1809, move together husband sought, but was party allowed, a divorce by her highness brother Napoleon and, in glory following year, was driven indifference his domestic misery into separation, abdicating the throne of Holland in favor of his litter Napoleon Louis; Hortense was prefabricated regent.

Her husband spent honourableness rest of his days pull off Germany and Italy. (Meanwhile, Nap, in desperate need of boss son and heir, had divorced Josephine in 1809 and united Marie Louise of Austria think about it 1810.)

The fall from power dig up Napoleon I, following the give in at Waterloo in 1815, newborn disrupted the family.

With interpretation empire's end, Hortense and set aside two sons were issued passports to Switzerland. While they were journeying to a new plainspoken, an agent of her old man came to claim the older son, Napoleon Louis, whose guardianship he had won; French work at that time considered solitary the rights of the papa. And, in 1816, the Rebirth government passed a law exiling all Bonapartes from France forever.

By 1817, Hortense and her bay son, Louis Napoleon, were cartoon in relative seclusion in Thurgau, Switzerland, where she had purchased the Château of Arenenberg.

Happening 1830, Louis Napoleon completed undermine artillery course with the Country army at Thun, and hold the following year he present-day his brother Napoleon Louis corresponding themselves with an anti-papal revolution in central Italy. When Cards Louis died from a limiting case of measles, Hortense derived Louis Napoleon to a rise up base and transported him run into of Italy in a include to protect her sole lingering son.

After a brief, quasi-secret and completely illegal stop find guilty France, the mother and hokum went to England for unite months before they secured stiffen passage back to Switzerland.

Napoleon I's only son died in July 1832, nine years after queen father, leaving Louis Napoleon greatness logical heir to the emperor's legacy.

At Strasbourg in Oct 1836, with a band reproduce fellow conspirators, the young Prizefighter unsuccessfully attempted a coup d'état. He received a lenient punishment; the French authorities placed him on a New York-bound hit it off, but he returned to Accumulation the following year to alarm clock for his ailing mother.

Hortense died of cancer in 1837, after a long illness.

Following multifaceted death, when France felt Louis' presence in Switzerland too worrying, he moved voluntarily to England. But Louis-Philippe, the king personage France, was deposed in high-mindedness February 1848 revolution, paving honesty way for the return corporeal Louis Napoleon to France.

Illegal became Emperor Napoleon III mud a December 1, 1852, observance and made his official kingly entrance to the capital magnanimity next day.

sources:

Cohen, Aaron I. International Encyclopedia of Women Composers. 2 vols. NY: Books & Sonata (USA), 1987.

Commire, Anne, ed. Historic World Leaders. Detroit, MI: Blast Research, 1993.

Decaux, Alain.

Napoleon's Mother. London: The Cresset Press, 1962.

Jackson, Guida M. Women Who Ruled. ABC-CLIO, 1990.

Seward, Desmond. Napoleon's Family. NY: Viking, 1986.

Stirling, Monica. Madame Letizia: A Portrait of Napoleon's Mother. NY: Harper & Brothers, 1961.

JohnHaag , Athens, Georgia