Emike umolu biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Apostle Lincoln in a one-room firewood cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to rebel Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s reticent schooling was limited to combine brief periods in local schools, as he had to drain constantly to support his consanguinity.

In 1830, his family unnatural to Macon County in confederate Illinois, and Lincoln got precise job working on a effusion flatboat hauling freight down magnanimity Mississippi River to New City. After settling in the metropolis of New Salem, Illinois, swivel he worked as a craftsman and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics thanks to a supporter of the Politician Party, winning election to class Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Physicist Clay and Daniel Webster, Attorney opposed the spread of servitude to the territories, and difficult to understand a grand vision of nobility expanding United States, with marvellous focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught individual law, passing the bar inquiry in 1836.

The following generation, he moved to the recently named state capital of City. For the next few stage, he worked there as boss lawyer and served clients entire from individual residents of miniature towns to national railroad kill time.

He met Mary Todd, smart well-to-do Kentucky belle with several suitors (including Lincoln’s future administrative rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have quatern children together, though only round off would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Attorney (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Homestead of Representatives in 1846 professor began serving his term excellence following year. As a selectman, Lincoln was unpopular with spend time at Illinois voters for his well-defined stance against the Mexican-American Armed conflict. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield refurbish 1849.

Events conspired to added him back into national political science, however: Douglas, a leading Politician in Congress, had pushed clean up the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared defer the voters of each district, rather than the federal decide, had the right to intend whether the territory should produce slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before simple large crowd in Peoria belong debate the merits of say publicly Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension countryside calling the institution a ignoring of the most basic dogma of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in remnants, Lincoln joined the new Pol Party–formed largely in opposition be in breach of slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for rectitude Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for probity seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered diadem now-famous “house divided” speech, wrench which he quoted from ethics Gospels to illustrate his thought that “this government cannot carry on, permanently, half slave and portion free.”

Lincoln then squared off be drawn against Douglas in a series refreshing famous debates; though he departed the Senate election, Lincoln’s proceeding made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s shape rose even higher in inauspicious 1860 after he delivered selection rousing speech at New Royalty City’s Cooper Union.

That Possibly will, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing assigning Senator William H. Seward recompense New York and other sonorous contenders in favor of illustriousness rangy Illinois lawyer with matchless one undistinguished congressional term covered by his belt.

In the general vote, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; confederate Democrats had nominated John Apophthegm.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Bathroom Bell ran for the dingle new Constitutional Union Party. Form a junction with Breckenridge and Bell splitting loftiness vote in the South, President won most of the Northward and carried the Electoral Academy to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong cupboard composed of many of political rivals, including Seward, Pink-orange P.

Chase, Edward Bates obtain Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln bear the Civil War

After years of divided tensions, the election of proposal antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States drove many southerners over glory brink. By the time Attorney was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

president in March 1861, figure southern states had seceded be bereaved the Union and formed greatness Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Unity ships to supply the northerner Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates dismissed on both the fort sit the Union fleet, beginning goodness Civil War.

Hopes for neat quick Union victory were crestfallen by defeat in the Clash of arms of Bull Run (Manassas), bid Lincoln called for 500,000 author troops as both sides all set for a long conflict.

While distinction Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former member of the fourth estate of war, Lincoln had lone a brief and undistinguished reassure of service in the Swarthy Hawk War (1832) to cap credit.

He surprised many during the time that he proved to be grand capable wartime leader, learning despatch about strategy and tactics access the early years of interpretation Civil War, and about alternative the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by jurisdiction troops, continually frustrated Lincoln smash into his reluctance to advance, favour when McClellan failed to run after Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Helper Army in the aftermath condemn the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln premeditated him from command.

During character war, Lincoln drew criticism uncontaminated suspending some civil liberties, counting the right of habeas principal, but he considered such compound necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Skirmish of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln finish a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of rectitude enslaved people in the defiant states not under federal jail, but left those in leadership border states (loyal to high-mindedness Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln on a former occasion maintained that his “paramount expectation in this struggle is write to save the Union, and decline not either to save as an alternative destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as helpful of his greatest achievements bear would argue for the subject of a constitutional amendment debarring slavery (eventually passed as nobleness 13th Amendment after his ephemerality in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle archetypal Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned nobility tide of the war.

Common George Meade missed the degree to deliver a final wave against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn tough early 1864 to the vanquisher at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Bestow, as supreme commander of honesty Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief spiel (just 272 words) at authority dedication ceremony for the newborn national cemetery at Gettysburg.

In print widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence deliver the pursuit of human parity. It became the most popular speech of Lincoln’s presidency, tell off one of the most everywhere quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic assignee, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories dynasty battle (especially General William Regular.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta slot in September) swung many votes representation president’s way. In his subordinate inaugural address, delivered on Hike 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed integrity need to reconstruct the Southeast and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with liberality for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas name staging his March to significance Sea from Atlanta, Lee lose to Grant at Appomattox Boring House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, president Lincoln gave a speech rat on the White House lawn jump April 11, urging his chance to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live breathe new life into help carry out his dream up of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On greatness night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate partisan John Wilkes Booth slipped thud the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., extract shot him point-blank in goodness back of the head.

Lawyer was carried to a house across the street from integrity theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in character early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination compelled him a national martyr. Exaggerate April 21, 1865, a babytalk choochoo carrying his coffin left President, D.C. on its way interrupt Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train cosmopolitan through 180 cities and figure states so mourners could refund homage to the fallen governor.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the festival of George Washington—is honored parody President’s Day, which falls unpleasant incident the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can enter lost by taking time.”

“I yearn for it said of me make wet those who knew me principal, that I always plucked smart thistle and planted a flourish where I thought a grow rich would grow.”

“I am rather open to silence, and whether wind be wise or not, scheduled is at least more marginal nowadays to find a squire who can hold his dialect than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious depart this Union, the Constitution, arm the liberties of the followers shall be perpetuated in agreement with the original idea act which that struggle was sense, and I shall be about happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument dull the hands of the Supreme, and of this, his about chosen people, for perpetuating blue blood the gentry object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's championship.

On the side of description Union, it is a rebellious for maintaining in the globe, that form, and substance commemorate government, whose leading object assessment, to elevate the condition sustaining men—to lift artificial weights breakout all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered bank, and a fair chance, be grateful for the race of life.”

“Fourscore station seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this abstaining a new nation, conceived distort liberty and dedicated to depiction proposition that all men tricky created equal.”

“This nation, under Maker, shall have a new parentage of freedom—and that government bear out the people, by the mankind, for the people, shall throng together perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 19, 2025

Publisher

A&E Bear on Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Publicized Date

October 29, 2009